How does a power steering system work?

@gerry.lynch 

A power steering system helps drivers steer their vehicles more easily by applying hydraulic or electric assistance to the steering mechanism. Here's how it works:

1. Hydraulic Power Steering System: The power steering system consists of a power steering pump, power steering fluid, a steering gear, and a series of hoses and valves. The power steering pump is driven by the engine and is usually attached to the engine's accessory belt. When the driver turns the steering wheel, a valve in the steering gear detects the input and directs the power steering fluid to one side or the other. The power steering pump pressurizes the fluid and sends it to the steering gear, providing the necessary force to assist in turning the wheels. As the driver turns the wheel, the amount of assistance provided by the pump varies, helping reduce the effort required to steer.
2. Electric Power Steering System: Electric power steering (EPS) systems use an electric motor instead of a hydraulic pump. EPS systems are more fuel-efficient and provide more precise control as they rely on sensors to detect steering wheel position and the force applied. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the sensor sends information to an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU calculates the assistance required based on the input, and the electric motor applies the necessary torque to the steering column or rack to assist in turning. EPS provides variable assistance, meaning the amount of assistance adjusts according to the speed of the vehicle and the driver's input.

Both types of power steering systems work to reduce the effort needed to turn the wheels and improve overall control and handling of the vehicle.